Dealing with non-constructive critique is hard, especially when the person giving this "Critique" insists it is fair to give, especially without you even asking for it. I've had such bad experiences when I was just like 13 and didn't know how to write stories or draw or any of it, and so I've been there. The good news is, like everyone has said, that it isn't critique to me if it's without constructive help, OR if it's just...You never asked for it.
I think what helps me, aside from the advice everyone has given, is taking any comments like that with a grain of salt. Like...If it's true something of my art isn't how I meant it to look, maybe a pose is awkward or something, step away for a bit to relax my anxiety...and when I come back, I'll look over what they said was weird. I'll see whether I genuinely agree, now that I had a chance to stop panicking or feeling upset, and see whether they had a point. Usually, they don't, and if by some chance they had advice hidden in their ridiculous comments? Well, hey, MAYBE I'll work on that anatomy issue in later pieces. Maybe...Or maybe I'll say I like how it looks, and keep doing it. Who cares? Not their art, not their problem. Especially not if they're gonna flame you about it.
(Mind you, I say this when applying to hateful "critique", as in rude comments as you describe, OP. When it comes to constructive critique or requested advice, then it's obviously not always the best idea to claim it's fine just because you think it is. EG, I was politely told once that I drew a dark skintone way too ashy, so I changed the palette there. I was grateful for sure! My advice is solely referring to "this person made me feel bad, and I need to remind myself they're just being a jerk.")